International Journal Of Coastal, Offshore And Environmental Engineering(ijcoe)

International Journal Of Coastal, Offshore And Environmental Engineering(ijcoe)

Feasibility study of using wave energy converters for electricity and hydrogen supply at a vehicle charging station in Chabahar Port

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors
1 Associate Professor of Renewable Energies and Environment Dep, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 College of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
10.22034/ijcoe.2025.500118.1130
Abstract
Hybrid renewable energy systems are regarded as an effective solution to address energy security and environmental challenges. Wave energy is a prominent clean energy source that has attracted significant attention due to its high reliability. The adoption of electric and hydrogen vehicles in place of traditional gasoline vehicles is recognized as a sustainable solution for environmental preservation. This study simulates the power and energy supply of a car charging station at Chabahar Port using hybrid renewable energy systems, incorporating wave energy converters (WECs) specifically AquaBuOY, OWC, and CETO, alongside photovoltaic panels and wind turbines in the modelling. A range of configurations incorporating the three categories of wave energy converters was assessed. The disconnection from the electrical grid and the elimination of fossil fuel reliance led to the total elimination of greenhouse gas emissions. Among the various configurations, those that incorporated all three energy generation sources exhibited superior economic efficiency compared to arrangements that utilised only two sources, specifically wave energy converters in conjunction with wind turbines or photovoltaic panels. The most cost-effective hybrid system was the PV/WT/AquabuOY configuration, which attained a Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) of $0.375 per kWh. The Net Present Cost of this system is approximately $0.700 million less than that of the next most favourable alternative. The PV/WT/CETO configuration was the least economical, exhibiting an LCOE of 0.477 $/kWh. The techno-economic analysis of wave energy converters revealed that although CETO incurs a substantially higher cost, it is essential to the overall system, providing approximately 14% of the total energy demand. Notwithstanding its high expense, CETO has a LCOE of $0.769 $/kWh, which is more advantageous than the LCOEs of AquabuOY and OWC, noted at 0.815 and 1.17 $/kWh, respectively. This indicates that CETO is appropriately adapted to the wave conditions in the study area.
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Articles in Press, Corrected Proof
Available Online from 16 December 2025